常用 Git 相关命令

记录一些我需要常用的 git 命令行

Link to a remote repo

If you want to push you local stuff to a remote repository in Github, do the following commands

First go the the target directory, and commit the updates.

git init
git add .
git commit -m "commit message"

Then link your local repo with the remote repo. By convention, we name the remote repo as origin.

git remote add origin <remote_repo_url>

You can also rename your remote repo

git remote rename <old_name> <new_name>

Git push

If this is your first time to push the local content to a remote repo, use the following command. The -u (–set-upstream) flag is used to set the upstream banch for the current local branch.

Don’t forget to use it when pushing a branch for the first time to establish a relationship between the local and remote branches.

For instance, when you use git push -u origin master, it not only pushes your local master on the remote repository but also sets the upstream branch for your local master branch to origin/master.

This allows you to use shorter commands like git push or git pullin the future without specifying the remote and branch explicitly.

git push -u <remote_repo_name> <branch_name>

git push <remote_name> <branch_name>

git push

Git pull

The git pull command is a combination of git fetch and git merge. It is used to fetch and download content from a remote repo and immediately update the local repo to match the content. is the remote branch yuo wanna pull from. If not specified, it pulls from the branch your local branch is tracking.

If you want to pull from a different remote branch, you might need to handle the conflicting changes between you local branch and the remote branch you’re pulling from.

git pull origin <branch_name>

You can omit the branch name if you are already on the branch from which you want to update.

git pull origin 

git pull

Push you local branch to the remote repo

If you want to create a new branch and push it to the remote repo, execute the following commands

git checkout -b <new_branch>

Use -u if you encounter an error indicating that the upstream branch does not exist.

git push origin <new_branch>

git push -u origin <new_branch>

Move to a remote branch

First list all the remote branches.

git branch -r

Then create a local branch that tracks the remote branch

git checkout -b <feature_branch> origin/<feature_branch>

Delete the local branch and apply to the remote repo

Before you try to delete a local branch, checkout another local branch first

git branch -d <branch_name>

Apply the changes to the remote repo

git push oriin --delete <branch_name>

Listing the remote repos

To checkout the list of your remote repos, the following command will return the name and the url of the remote repos.

git remote -v

Sync with the name of your remote repo

If you rename you remote repo, you need to keep your local repo in sync.

git remote set-url origin <new_repository_url>

Git commands about branch

rename your current branch to

git branch -M <new_branch_name>

Move to another branch

git checkout <another_branch_name>

Delete a local branch, use -D to enfore the delete even if there are changes that haven’t been merged.

git branch -d <branch_name>
git branch -D <branch_name>